marginal propensity to import การใช้

• But this is dependent upon their marginal propensity to save ( MPS ) and the marginal propensity to import ( MPM ).
• The extent of the multiplier effect in increasing domestic business activity is dependent upon the marginal propensity to consume and marginal propensity to import.
• The UK government assumes that UK citizens have a high marginal propensity to import and thus will use a decrease in disposable income as a tool to control the current account on the balance of payments.
• For example, if a household earns one extra dollar of disposable income, and the marginal propensity to import is 0.2, then the household will spend 20 cents of that dollar on imported goods and services.
• The "'marginal propensity to import "'( "'MPM "') is the fractional change in import expenditure that occurs with a change in disposable income ( income after taxes and transfers ).
• As exports increase there is an increase in the income of all persons associated with the exports industries . These in turn create demand for goods . But this is dependent upon their marginal propensity to save ( MPS ) and marginal propensity to import ( MPM ).
• Where Md is the demand for money, v is the velocity of money ( here considered constant ), Y is the output, Z is the imports, m is the marginal propensity to import, Ms is the money supply, R is the amount of foreign reserves, DC is the Domestic Credit, X is exports and F are other net foreign currency flows.
• Thirlwall s balance of payments constrained growth model  or Thirlwall s Law-is often called the dynamic Harrod trade multiplier result following Roy Harrod s ( 1933 ) static foreign trade multiplier result that Y = X / m, where Y is national income; X is exports and m is the marginal propensity to import, which is derived under the same assumptions as Thirlwall s Law ( O Hara, 1999 ).
• Mathematically, the marginal propensity to import ( MPM ) function is expressed as the derivative of the import ( I ) function with respect to disposable income ( Y ) . \ mathrm { MPM } = \ frac { \ text { d } I } { \ text { d } Y } In other words, the marginal propensity to import is measured as the ratio of the change in imports to the change in income, thus giving us a figure between 0 and 1.
• Mathematically, the marginal propensity to import ( MPM ) function is expressed as the derivative of the import ( I ) function with respect to disposable income ( Y ) . \ mathrm { MPM } = \ frac { \ text { d } I } { \ text { d } Y } In other words, the marginal propensity to import is measured as the ratio of the change in imports to the change in income, thus giving us a figure between 0 and 1.